Java Card RMI uses the following simplified model for returning exceptions thrown by remote methods:

• When an exception defined in the Java Card API is thrown by a remote method, the exact exception type and the embedded reason code is transmitted to the client application. In essence, the exception object is transmitted by value.

• When an exception not defined in the Java Card API is thrown by a remote method, the “closest” superclass exception type from the API and the embedded reason code is transmitted to the client application. In this case, the “closest” API defined superclass exception object is transmitted by value. The client application can distinguish an inexact exception from an exact one.